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General specifications for the G2 and G3 Cameras……
All key features of G series of CCD camera:
- Lowest possible system read noise, limited by CCD chip itself.
- High dynamic range, 16-bits digitization.
- Efficient and precisely regulated cooling up to 50 °C below ambient temperature.
- Ability of unattended operation enabled by integrated mechanical shutter and filter wheel supporting LRGB, BVRI or narrow-band filters.
- Compact camera head, small and lightweight enough to be attached even to small telescopes.
- Single-voltage power supply enabling operation from 12V battery or "brick" adapter.
- Plug and play installation and rich software support.
- Robust construction to sustain every-day usage.
G2-0402, G2-1600 and G2-3200 CCD Chip
G2 cameras use high sensitive and low noise Kodak KAF Full Frame CCD detectors. Advanced manufacturing techniques like transparent electrodes and micro lensing ensure up to 80 or 90 % peak quantum efficiency. The inherent dark current of these detectors is very low compared to other scientific-grade CCDs, so the resulting image S/N ratio is very good.
Model G2-0402
G2-0402 model uses 0.4 MPx Kodak KAF-0402ME Class 1 or 2 CCD chip.
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Resolution |
768 (H) × 512 (V) pixels |
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Pixel size |
9 μm (H) Χ 9 μm (V) |
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Imaging area |
6.9 mm (H) × 4.6 mm (V) |
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Full well capacity |
~100,000 e- |
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Output node capacity |
~220,000 e- |
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Dark current |
1 e-/s/pixel at 0 °C |
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Dark signal doubling temperature |
6.3 °C |
KAF-0402ME CCD chip specifications
KAF-0402ME CCD chip and its Quantum Efficiency
Model G2-1600
G2-1600 model uses 1.6 MPx Kodak KAF-1603ME Class 1 or 2 CCD chip.
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Resolution |
1536 (H) × 1024 (V) pixels |
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Pixel size |
9 μm (H) Χ 9 μm (V) |
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Imaging area |
13.8 mm (H) × 9.2 mm (V) |
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Full well capacity |
~100,000 e- |
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Output node capacity |
~220,000 e- |
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Dark current |
1 e-/s/pixel at 0 °C |
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Dark signal doubling temperature |
6.3 °C |
KAF-1603ME CCD chip specifications
KAF-1603ME CCD chip and its Quantum Efficiency
Model G2-3200
G2-3200 model uses 3.2 MPx Kodak KAF-3200ME Class 1 or 2 CCD chip.
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Resolution |
2184 (H) × 1472 (V) pixels |
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Pixel size |
6.8 μm (H) Χ 6.8 μm (V) |
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Imaging area |
14.9 mm (H) × 10 mm (V) |
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Full well capacity |
~55,000 e- |
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Output node capacity |
~110,000 e- |
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Dark current |
0.8 e-/s/pixel at 0 °C |
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Dark signal doubling |
6 °C |
KAF-3200ME CCD chip specifications
KAF-3200ME CCD chip and its Quantum Efficiency
G2-2000 and G2-4000 CCD Chip
G2-2000 and G2-4000 cameras use low noise Kodak KAI Interline Transfer CCD detectors. Advanced manufacturing techniques like transparent electrodes and microlensing ensure maximum quantum efficiency of monochrome models 55%. The inherent dark current as well as read noise is very low, so the resulting image S/N ratio is very good.
Kodak KAI-2020 inside the G2-2000 CCD camera
Model G2-2000 and G2-2000C
G2-2000 model uses 2 MPx Kodak KAI-2020 CCD chip.
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Resolution |
1604 (H) × 1204 (V) pixels |
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Pixel size |
7.4 μm (H) Χ 7.4 μm (V) |
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Imaging area |
11.9 mm (H) × 8.9 mm (V) |
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Full well capacity |
~40,000 e- |
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Dark current |
40 e-/s/pixel at 40 °C |
KAI-2020 CCD chip specifications
KAI-2020 CCD chip and its Quantum Efficiency
Model G2-4000 and G2-4000C
G2-4000 model uses 4 MPx Kodak KAI-4022 CCD chip.
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Resolution |
2056 (H) × 2062 (V) pixels |
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Pixel size |
7.4 μm (H) Χ 7.4 μm (V) |
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Imaging area |
15.2 × 15.3 mm |
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Full well capacity |
~40,000 e- |
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Dark current |
40 e-/s/pixel at 40 °C |
KAI-4022 CCD chip specifications
KAI-4022 CCD chip and its Quantum Efficiency
G2-8300 CCD Chip
G2-8300 camera uses high sensitive and low noise Kodak KAF8300 Full Frame CCD detectors with 4/3 format. Advanced manufacturing techniques like transparent electrodes and microlensing ensure up to 55 % peak quantum efficiency. The inherent dark current of these detectors is very low, so the resulting image S/N ratio is very good.
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Resolution |
3358 (H) × 2536 (V) pixels |
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Pixel size |
5.4 μm (H) × 5.4 μm (V) |
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Imaging area |
18.1 mm (H) × 13.7 mm (V) |
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Full well capacity |
~25,000 e-- |
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Dark current |
0.2 e-/s/pixel at 0 °C |
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Dark signal doubling temperature |
5.8 °C |
- KAF-0402ME CCD chip specifications
- KAF8300 CCD chip and its Quantum Efficiency
G3-06300 and G3-11000 CCD chip
G3 CCD cameras use Kodak KAF Full Frame CCD detectors or Kodak KAI Interline transfer CCD detectors with ABG and electronics shutter. Advanced manufacturing technologies like transparent electrodes and micro lenses on the chip surface ensure high quantum efficiency. The inherent dark current of these detectors is very low compared to other scientific-grade CCDs, so the resulting image S/N ratio is very good.
CCD detector with 24 × 36 mm area used in G3-11000 camera
Model G3-06300
G3-06300 model uses 6 MPx Kodak KAF-6303E Class 1 or 2 CCD.
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Resolution |
3072 (H) × 2048 (V) pixels |
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Pixel size |
9 μm (H) Χ 9 μm (V) |
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Image area |
27.6 mm (H) × 18.4 mm (V) |
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Full well capacity |
~100,000 e- |
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Output node capacity |
~220,000 e- |
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Dark current |
1 e-/s/pixel at 0 °C |
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Dark signal doubling temperature |
6.3 °C |
KAF-6303E CCD specifications
KAF-6303E CCD and its quantum efficiency
Model G3-11000
G3-11000 uses 11 MPx Kodak KAI-11002 Class 1 or 2 CCD.
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Resolution |
4032 (H) × 2688 (V) pixels |
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Pixel size |
9 μm (H) Χ 9 μm (V) |
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Image area |
36.3 mm (H) × 24.2 mm (V) |
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Full well capacity |
~60,000 e- |
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Output node capacity |
~140,000 e- |
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Dark current |
12 e-/s/pixel at 0 °C |
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Dark signal doubling temperature |
7 °C |
KAI-11002 CCD
KAI-11002 CCD and its quantum efficiency
Camera Electronics
16-bit A/D converter with correlated double sampling ensures high dynamic range and CCD chip-limited readout noise. Fast USB interface ensures image download time within seconds.
Maximum length of single USB cable is 5 m. This length can be extended for instance to 10 m by using single USB hub or USB active extender cable. Up to 100 m extension can be achieved with third-party extender.
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ADC resolution |
16 bits |
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Sampling method |
Correlated double sampling |
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Read modes |
Standard (STD) |
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Low-noise (LN) |
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Horizontal binning |
1 to 4 pixels |
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Vertical binning |
1 to 4 pixels |
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Sub-frame readout |
Arbitrary sub-frame |
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TDI readout |
Yes, 2 ms resolution |
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Computer interface |
USB 2.0 High Speed |
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USB 1.1 Full Speed compatible |
Image download time depends on the CCD chip used in particular camera model. Also the read noise depends on the chip as well as on the read mode.
- Standard read mode provides system read noise approx. 1 e- above low-noise read mode.
- LN (Low-noise) read mode is somewhat slower (approx. 1.2×), but ensures system read noise equal or smaller than the manufacturer-specified chip read noise.
Chip Cooling
Regulated two-stage thermo-electric chip cooling up to 50 °C below ambient temperature with forced air cooling and 0.1 °C temperature precision ensure very low dark current for long exposures.
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CCD chip cooling |
Thermoelectric (Peltier modules) |
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TEC modules |
Two stages |
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Max. delta T |
50 °C below ambient maximum |
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45 °C below ambient typical |
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Regulation precision |
0.1 °C |
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Hot side cooling |
Air cooling (50 mm fan) |
Power supply
The 12 V DC power supply adapter enables camera operation from arbitrary power source including batteries, wall adapters etc. Universal 100–240 V AC/50–60 Hz, 60 W "brick" adapter is supplied with the camera. Although the camera power consumption does not exceed 30 W, the 60 W power supply ensures noise-free operation.
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Camera head supply |
12 V DC |
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Camera power consumption |
15 W without cooling |
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40 W with 100% cooling |
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Adapter input voltage |
100-240 V AC/50-60 Hz |
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Adapter output voltage |
12 V DC/5 A |
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Adapter maximum power |
60 W |
Notes:
- Camera power consumption is measured on the AC outlet of the 12 V power supply.
- The camera contains its own power supplies inside, so it can be powered by unregulated 12 V DC power source—the input voltage can be anywhere between 10 and 14 V. However, some parameters (like cooling efficiency) can degrade if the supply drops below 11 V.
- G Series CCD camera measures its input voltage and provides it to the control software. Input voltage is displayed in the Cooling tab of the CCD Camera control tool in the SIMS. This feature is important especially if you power the camera from batteries.
G2 Mechanical Specifications
Compact and robust camera head measures only 114 × 114 × 77 mm (approx. 4.5 × 4.5 × 3 inches). The head is CNC-machined from high-quality aluminium and black anodized. The head itself contains USB-B (device) connector and 12 V DC power plug, no other parts (CPU box, USB interface, etc.), except a "brick" power supply, are necessary. Integrated mechanical shutter allows streak-free image readout, as well as automatic dark frame exposures, which are necessary for unattended, robotic setups. Integrated filter wheel contains 5 positions for standard 1.25" threaded filter cells. A variant of filter wheel with 6 positions for 1" "glass-only" filters is also available.
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Internal mechanical shutter |
Yes, blade shutter |
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Shortest exposure time |
85 ms |
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Longest exposure time |
Limited by chip saturation only |
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Internal filter wheel |
5 positions for 1.25" threaded filter cells |
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6 positions for 1" bolt-secured filters |
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Head dimensions |
114 mm × 114 mm × 77 mm |
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Back focal distance |
29 mm |
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Camera head weight |
1.1 kg |
Mechanical specifications
Notes:
- Specified camera head weight with filter wheel and 2" nosepiece, but without filters.
- Various telescope/lens adapters are available, including standard 1.25" and 2" barrels, T-thread adapter, Canon EOS and Nikon lens adapter etc.
G3 Mechanical Specifications
Compact and robust camera head measures only 154 × 154 × 77 mm (approx. 6 × 6 × 3 inches). The head is CNC-machined from high-quality aluminium and black anodized. The head itself contains USB-B (device) connector and 12 V DC power plug, no other parts (CPU box, USB interface, etc.), except a "brick" power supply, are necessary. Integrated mechanical shutter allows streak-free image readout, as well as automatic dark frame exposures, which are necessary for unattended, robotic setups. Integrated filter wheel contains 5 positions for standard 2" threaded filter cells with M48 × 0.75 thread or up to 50.8 mm "glass-only" filters.
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Internal mechanical shutter |
Yes, blade shutter |
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Shortest exposure time |
200 ms (cameras with Full-Frame CCDs) |
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50 ms (cameras with Interline-Transfer CCDs) |
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Longest exposure time |
Limited by chip saturation only |
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Internal filter wheel |
5 positions |
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2" threaded cells M48 × 0.75 |
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50.8 mm filter + 3× M3 thread |
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Head dimensions |
154 mm × 154 mm × 77 mm |
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Back focal distance |
29 mm |
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Camera head weight |
1.7 kg |
Mechanical specification
- Specified camera head weight with filter wheel and 2" nosepiece, but without filters.
- Various telescope/lens adapters are available, including standard 2" barrel, T-thread adapter, Canon EOS and Nikon lens adapter etc.
- Every filter wheel position can be occupied with a filter in 2" threaded cell with M48 × 0.75 thread of plain-glass filter up to 50.8 mm diameter fixed with three M3 screws.
Shipping and Packaging
G Series CCD cameras are supplied in the foam-filled, hard carrying case containing:
Camera body with a user-chosen telescope adapter. The standard 2" barrel adapter is included by default. If ordered, the filter wheel is already mounted inside the camera head and filters are threaded into place (if ordered).
A 100-240 V AC input, 12 V DC output "brick" adapter with 1.8 m long power cable.
5 m long USB A-B cable for connecting camera to host PC.
A CD-ROM with camera drivers, SIMS software package with electronic documentation and PDF version of this manual.
A printed copy of this manual.
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